What are dishwashers? Types and Types

Since the patent for the invention of the first dishwasher, much has changed. The introduction of new technologies in combination with the accumulated experience in operating dishwashers led to the appearance of their varieties.

And now, in order for the consumer to make the right choice, it is first necessary to study the types and types of dishwashers, to determine how they differ from each other, what advantages and disadvantages this or that type has. We will solve these issues together in the framework of this article.

The story of the dishwasher

The world's first dishwasher was invented by American Joule Goughton, although it is difficult to call him “the inventor of the dishwasher,” he is more likely the author of an idea that he failed to realize. The prototype that he assembled in 1850 was difficult to use, it required heavy physical labor, and the dishes remained as dirty at the exit. Goughton came up with the idea of ​​automating the washing up of dishes, but he could not realize the idea.

The story of creating a full dishwasher begins with the invention of the American Josephine Cochrane. Her car was already somewhat reminiscent of a modern one. The Cochrane dishwasher had hand-operated piston pumps, a heating element that constantly heated the water to the right temperature, and a convenient basket for placing dishes.

Note! Cochrane’s invention, although revolutionary, was not widely used due to the high price and poor quality of washing dishes. However, the history of the structure of dishwasher units began with her dishwasher.

The history of dishwashers continues in Europe. The fully automatic dishwasher was invented by Miele engineers in 1929 in Germany. Now, to wash the dishes, it was not necessary to stand by the car and turn the handle, since hot water was supplied to the tank with dishes by an electric pump. In 1960, the same company launches a dishwasher that looks modern and dishwashers fully automatically. From this moment begins the history of modern dishwashers.

Types of dishwashers, their distinguishing features

Just some 15-20 years ago, the question of what types of dishwashers are, could be answered simply, quickly and deployed. Now it is becoming increasingly difficult to do this. To highlight this issue in more detail, we decided to give one of the most common classifications, which includes almost all types of modern dishwashers. You can see a schematic representation of the classification of dishwashers in the picture below

All dishwashers are divided into household and industrial. There are three main types of industrial dishwashers:

• Frontal - they are very similar to household dishwashers, they also have a door in front, a basket for dishes inside and a similar control panel. The difference is reliability. In frontal industrial machines, all parts are metal, they wash more dishes and serve such machines much longer than household ones.
• Domes are original industrial machines that do not have doors. A washing tank covers a container with utensils like a dome, hence the name of this unit. A sorting table and sink are usually included with the dome machine.
• Tunnel ones are the largest and most efficient dishwashers that are installed in large catering establishments and in large hotels. In appearance, the machine resembles a conveyor along which dirty dishes move, gets into a washing tank, and then comes out clean.

Note! Tunnel dishwashers need a lot of space, from about 18 square meters. m

There are many companies that produce industrial washing equipment.Such equipment is very expensive, so there is no point in using it for domestic needs. More details professional and industrial dishwashers are considered in the article of the same name on our site.

Household dishwashers, which the consumer has to deal with most often conditionally divided into:

1. full-sized;
2. narrow
3. small ones.

Dishwashers are called full-size, with a height of 82-87 cm and a width of 60 cm.The depth of such dishwashers can be different 55 or 60 cm. Modern full-size machines can wash from 10 to 17 sets of dishes in one cycle, therefore, they are considered the most capacious. Full-size machines can be fully built-in furniture, partially built-in and freestanding.

Narrow dishwashers differ from full-size ones only in width, which ranges from 44, 5 to 49 cm. By the type of installation they are also divided into three categories. Small (compact) machines that are commercially available may also be different in type of installation, and as regards their sizes, their width varies from 50 to 60 cm, depth from 50 to 55 cm, and height from 44 to 60 cm.

Separately among full-sized stand out combined machines. It can be dishwashers combined with a gas stove and oven, or with an electric stove and oven. This equipment has just appeared on sale, because of its complexity it has a high price and low demand.

Which dishwashers are more reliable and more economical; do they wash dishes better?

The reliability of the dishwasher is determined by several factors.

• The first of these is the material for making the inner tank, rocker arm and baskets. The fewer plastic elements, the stronger the unit will be. As a rule, manufacturers often use plastic in compact dishwashers, make a conclusion.
• The second point is the software “filling” of the dishwasher, the more complicated it is and the more modes, the more vulnerable it is. The complex design of combined dishwashers makes them the most unreliable. If the spare part of the gas stove fails, then the entire unit will have to be taken for repair, which is very inconvenient.
• The third thing you should pay attention to when thinking about the reliability of the dishwasher is the country in which it was going. The most reliable are the machines of the German assembly (Miele, Bosch, AEG), the dishwashers of Italian manufacturers can also be considered reliable, but Chinese machines cannot be called such. However, you should not think badly about Chinese technology, among it there are decent units that work stably, that's how lucky.

To say what type of dishwasher is more economical is difficult, you need to consider the characteristics of a particular model. Full-size cars spend an average of 11-12 liters of water, there are premium cars that consume up to 10 liters, for example, a car from Neff 51M65X4 spends 7.5 liters of water, but not many can afford to buy such a “housekeeper”. But most compact machines consume 7-8 liters of water, there are dishwashers with a consumption of 6 liters of water.

Important! Should water consumption in small cars be considered economical, it will depend on the number of machine loads per day, because washing such a dishwasher can be half as much as a full-size one.

The same can be said about energy consumption, in full-size and narrow models, on average, it is 0.73 - 0.9 kW / h, and in small 0.61 kW / h. But if you run a small car 2 times a day, then the energy consumption will be greater.

Modern dishwashers have a fairly high quality dishwashing. It is quite difficult to say which type in this aspect has an advantage, but still some conclusions can be drawn. A dishwasher equipped with the soaking mode is able to cope even with dried up dirty dishes, whereas machines without such a regime are not able to cope with “dried” mud.

It is better to wash the dishes of a machine capable of recognizing a 3 in 1 product, as well as those that have a greater variety with respect to the set temperature modes. To some, such subtleties may seem like professional nit-picking, but, as you know, “the devil is in the details” - a small flaw can lead, ultimately, to an unsatisfactory quality of washing dishes.

Which are more expensive and which are cheaper?

The final cost of the dishwasher does not depend on its type. The story here is this, a fairly large part of the cost of a dishwasher is paid for the brand and country of production. Many cars are assembled in Europe, in particular in Germany - for this you immediately overpay about 25% of the cost. Further, the brand, the more the company spends money on the promotion and maintenance of its brand, the more expensive the product, although much more depends on the "policy" of the company.

The world famous Bosch company relies on low-cost models of dishwashers, therefore, despite the huge costs of advertising and maintaining the image, they try to take the market with sales growth rather than price increases. As a general rule, the final cost of a dishwasher is affected by the following:

• who produced the dishwasher;
• where did the dishwasher;
• how new the model is, and what technical “bells and whistles” are present in it;
• how technically sophisticated the dishwasher is.

Combined dishwashers are expensive because, in addition to the dishwasher itself, there is also a hob and oven. But this does not make combined dishwashers the most expensive. The most common dishwashers from the German company De Dietrich can cost 200,000 rubles or more, while combined machines cost about 100,000 - 120,000 rubles. Pricing is very difficult to explain, sometimes it defies logic.

In conclusion, we note the history of the dishwasher began in America and successfully continued in Europe. Despite the fact that the first samples of such machines, to put it mildly, could not cope with their function, people liked the idea, and they continued its implementation. Currently, a huge number of different types of dishwashers have appeared, among which it is sometimes difficult to choose a good option for your home.